
Overview
In Python, the open() function is used to open or create a file and then a parameter is set to write contents to the file.
Creating a New File and Writing to It
To create a new file in Python, use the open() method with one of the following parameters:
- “x” – Create – will create a file; returns an error if the file already exists
- “a” – Append – will create a file if the specified file does not exist
- “w” – Write – will create a file if the specified file does not exist
file = open("myfile.txt", "x")
Output:
#A new empty file has been created
Note
If the file already exist, an error will be thrown.
Writing to an Existing File
To create a new file in Python, use the open() method with one of the following parameters:
- “a” – Append – will append to the end of the file
- “w” – Write – will overwrite any existing content
with open("myfile.txt", "a") as file:
file.write("We have added content to the end of this file")
#open and read the file after the appending
with open("myfile.txt") as file:
print(file.read())
Output:
Hello World
We have added content to the end of this file
Overwriting the Content of an Existing File
To create a new file in Python, use the open() method with the following parameter:
- “w” – Write – will overwrite any existing content
with open("myfile.txt", "w") as file:
file.write("The contents of this file have been completely overwritten.")
#open and read the file after overwriting it
with open("myfile.txt") as file:
print(file.read())
Output:
The contents of this file have been completely overwritten.
Note
The “w” parameter will overwrite the entire file.
Python Notes:
- The most recent major version of Python is Python 3; however, Python 2 is still in use and quite popular, although not being updated with anything other than security updates
- Python uses new lines to complete a command, as opposed to other programming languages which often use semicolons or parentheses
- Python relies on indentation, using whitespace to define scope, such as the scope of loops, functions, and classes; other programming languages often use curly-brackets for this purpose
- Python string methods return new values, and DO NOT change the original string
- Python tuples are unchangeable after created (their items CANNOT be changed or re-ordered at a later point)
- Python sets are unordered (may appear in random orders when called), unchangeable (the value of individual items cannot be changed after creation), unindexed (items cannot be referred to by index or key), and duplicates are NOT ALLOWED
- As of v3.7, Python dictionaries are ordered and duplicates ARE ALLOWED; in v3.6 and earlier, dictionaries were unordered (did not have a defined order and could not be referred to using an index)
- Python does not have built-in support for arrays, but Python lists can be used as pseudo “arrays”; therefore, all Python list methods will work with these pseudo “arrays”
We’d like to acknowledge that we learned a great deal of our coding from W3Schools and TutorialsPoint, borrowing heavily from their teaching process and excellent code examples. We highly recommend both sites to deepen your experience, and further your coding journey. We’re just hitting the basics here at 1SMARTchicken.
