Python has various built-in data types to allow for variables to store different types of data that can do different things.

These default data-types are:

Parameter	Description
Text Type	str
Numeric Types	int, float, complex
Sequence Types	list, tuple, range
Mapping Type	dict
Set Types	set, frozenset
Boolean Type	bool
Binary Types	bytes, bytearray, memoryview
None Type	NoneType

You can get the data type of any object by using the type() function

x = 8
print(type(x))

<class 'int'>

In Python, the data type is set when you assign a value to a variable.

x = "Hello World"                         #str	
x = 8                                     #int	
x = 8.8	                                  #float	
x = 8j	                                  #complex	
x = ["Sam", "Michael", "Gabriel"]         #list	
x = ("Sam", "Michael", "Gabriel")         #tuple	
x = range(6)                              #range	
x = {"name" : "Johnny", "age" : 11}       #dict	
x = {"Sam", "Michael", "Gabriel"}         #set	
x = frozenset({"A", "B", "C"})            #frozenset	
x = True                                  #bool	
x = b"Hello"                              #bytes	
x = bytearray(5)                          #bytearray	
x = memoryview(bytes(5))                  #memoryview	
x = None                                  #NoneType

If you want to specify the data type, you can use the following constructor functions.

x = str("Hello World")                    #str	
x = int(8)                                #int	
x = float(8.8)                            #float	
x = complex(8j)                           #complex	
x = list(["Sam", "Michael", "Gabriel"])   #list	
x = tuple(("Sam", "Michael", "Gabriel"))  #tuple	
x = range(6)                              #range	
x = dict(name = "Johnny", age = 11)       #dict	
x = set({"Sam", "Michael", "Gabriel"})    #set	
x = frozenset({"A", "B", "C"})            #frozenset	
x = bool(2)                               #bool	
x = bytes(5)                              #bytes	
x = bytearray(5)                          #bytearray	
x = memoryview(bytes(5))                  #memoryview

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