In Python, polymorphism refers to methods/functions/operators with the same name that can be executed on many objects or classes.

An example is the len() function which can be used in strings, tuples, and dictionaries.

String:

x = "Hello World"

print(len(x)) #return the number of characters in the string

Output:

11

Tuple:

mytuple = ("Ferrari", "Maserati", "Alfa Romeo")

print(len(mytuple)) #return the number of items in the tuple

Output:

3

Dictionary:

mydict = {
    "brand": "Alfa Romeo",
    "model": "Guilia",
    "year": 2025
}

print(len(mydict)) #return the number of key/value pairs in the dictionary

Output:

3

Polymorphism is often used in class methods, where there can be multiple classes with the same method name.

class Car:
    def __init__(self, brand, model):
        self.brand = brand
        self.model = model

    def move(self):
        print("driving")

class Boat:
    def __init__(self, brand, model):
        self.brand = brand
        self.model = model

    def move(self):
        print("sailing")

class Plane:
    def __init__(self, brand, model):
        self.brand = brand
        self.model = model

    def move(self):
        print("flying")

car1 = Car("Alfa Romeo", "Giulia")  #create a car object
boat1 = Boat("Ibiza", "Touring 20") #create a boat object
plane1 = Plane("Boeing", "727")     #create a plane object

for x in (car1, boat1, plane1):
    x.move()

Output:

driving
sailing
flying

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