Python Tutorials
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Overview

Python has a set of built-in methods that you can use to modify strings.

Convert to Upper Case

The upper() method returns the string in upper case.

x = "Hello World"
print(x.upper())

Output:

HELLO WOLRD

Convert to Lower Case

The lower() method returns the string in lower case.

x = "Hello World"
print(x.lower())

Output:

hello world

Remove Whitespace

Whitespace is the space before and/or after the actual text, and you may want to remove it using the strip() method.

x = "     Hello World     "
print(x.strip())

Output:

Hello World

Replace a String

The replace() method replaces a string with another string.

x = "Johnny"
print(x.replace("y", "ie"))

Output:

Johnnie

Splitting a String

The split() method returns a list where the text between the specified separator becomes the list items.

x = "The cat, in the hat"
y = x.split(",")
print(y)

Output:

['The cat', ' in the hat']

Python Notes:

  • The most recent major version of Python is Python 3; however, Python 2 is still in use and quite popular, although not being updated with anything other than security updates
  • Python uses new lines to complete a command, as opposed to other programming languages which often use semicolons or parentheses
  • Python relies on indentation, using whitespace to define scope, such as the scope of loops, functions, and classes; other programming languages often use curly-brackets for this purpose
  • Python string methods return new values, and DO NOT change the original string
  • Python tuples are unchangeable after created (their items CANNOT be changed or re-ordered at a later point)
  • Python sets are unordered (may appear in random orders when called), unchangeable (the value of individual items cannot be changed after creation), and unindexed (items cannot be referred to by index or key)
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We’d like to acknowledge that we learned a great deal of our coding from W3Schools and TutorialsPoint, borrowing heavily from their teaching process and excellent code examples. We highly recommend both sites to deepen your experience, and further your coding journey. We’re just hitting the basics here at 1SMARTchicken.